History of chess Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A leaf from the Libro de los juegos, Alfonso X of Castile, c. The history of chess goes back almost 1. The game originated in northern India in the 6th century AD and spread to Persia. When the Arabs conquered Persia, chess was taken up by the Muslim world and subsequently, through the Moorish conquest of Spain, spread to Southern Europe. In Europe, the moves of the pieces changed in the 1. The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf Books' title='The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf Books' />The modern game starts with these changes. In the second half of the 1. Chess clocks were first used in 1. The 2. 0th century saw advances in chess theory, and the establishment of the World Chess Federation FIDE. Chess engines programs that play chess, and chess data bases became important. AD First clear reference to chess, in a Persianmanuscript. AD Date of first undoubted chess pieces. AD Moors bring chess to Spain and Sicily. AD Early Muslim chess masters, as Suli and al Lajlaj write works on the technique of chess. AD Chess widespread in Europe, including Russia. Crystal Reports 2008 Sp3 Full Build Download. AD First European comments on chess in sermons and stories. AD Birth of the modern game especially, new moves for queen and bishop. First printed chess book. First printed chess book to survive to the present day. First professional player writers. First master games to be recorded as they were played. The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf FreeFirst chess magazine. First US chess tournament. First international chess tournament. First match to be timed by clock. First tournament to use specially designed chess clocks. First acknowledged world championship match. Also Libro de los juegos, Alfonso X of Castile, showing Christian vs Muslim. The precursors of chess originated in northern India during the Gupta empire,1 where its early form in the 6th century was known as Chaturanga. This translates as the four divisions, meaning infantry, cavalry, elephantry, and chariotry, represented by the pieces that would evolve into the modern pawn, knight, bishop, and rook, respectively. In Sassanid. Persia around 6. Chatrang and the rules were developed further, and players started calling Shh Persian for King when threatening the opponents king, and Shh mt Persian for the king is finished when the king could not escape from attack. These exclamations persisted in chess as it traveled to other lands. The game was taken up by the Muslim world after the Islamic conquest of Persia, with the pieces largely retaining their Persian names in Arabic mt or mta means died, is dead. In Arabic, the game became Shatranj. In all other languages, the name of the game is derived either from shatranj or from shah. The following table provides a glimpse of the changes in the names and character of chess pieces, as they passed from one culture to another, from India through Persia to Europe 1p. Changes in the Arabic names of pieces happened over several centuries after the game arrived in Europe. Most changed were the pieces which had no equivalent in Europe, such as the elephant eh l fh ant, the visier an advisor the firzan or wazir, and the chariot rukhkh. The greatest variety of names was for the elephant,1p. Europe, and so not used in war. In Spain names derived from Arabic lasted for centuries alfil, aufin, orfil. Eventually, all but France used a word for bishop. In a similar manner, vizir eventually became queen, and the chariot became a word for castle. Except, that is, in English, where rook is obviously a version of rukh. The following table does not capture all these complicated changes. Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic and modern European names for chessmen. Sanskrit. Persian. Arabic. English. Spanish. French. Raja KingShah. Shah. King. Rey. Roi. Mantri MinisterVazirVizir. WazirFirzn. Queen. The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf 4sharedReina. Reine. HastyGajah elephantPil. Al Fil. Bishop. Alfil. Fou. Ashva horseAsp. FarsHisan. Knight. Calculate-Chess-Tactics-Step-3-Version-4.jpg/aid1027664-v4-728px-Calculate-Chess-Tactics-Step-3-Version-4.jpg' alt='The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf' title='The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf' />Diy Plans Chess Set Desk Planner 2016 Diy Plans Chess Set Horizontal Router Table Plan Pdf Plans For Craft Desk. Chess is a twoplayer strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 88 grid. The game is played by millions of. Caballo. Cavalier. Ratha chariotRukh. Rukh. Rook. Torre. Tour. Padati footsoldierPiadeh. Baidaq. Pawn. Pen. 2 Demo Game Lego Star War more. Pion. The game reached Western Europe and Russia by at least three routes, the earliest being in the 9th century. By the year 1. 00. Europe. 4 Introduced into the Iberian Peninsula by the Moors in the 1. Libro de los juegos. Buddhist pilgrims, Silk Road traders and others carried it to the Far East, where it was transformed into a game often played on the intersection of the lines of the board rather than within the squares. Chinese chess and Shogi are the most important of the oriental chess variants. However, it was the changes made in medieval Europe which led to our modern game. The game of chess is really two games. There is the original Indo Arabic game, and there is the modern game, usually called international chess. The transition between the two happened during the change from the medieval world to the modern world, in the Europe of the later 1. In fact, the new game of chess was one of the early topics chosen for the new technology of printing. Mediaeval Icelandic set. The pieces are simplified and abstract, perhaps influenced by Arabic sets, or simply by ease of manufacture. At the other extreme, a mediaeval chess bishop. Italy, 1. 2th1. 5th century. Dilaram Problem. c. White to move and win. The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf Book' title='The Six Power Moves Of Chess Pdf Book' />This is a typical example of a shatranj problem or Mansuba. Starcraft Battle Chest Free. Black threatens mate with either rook but because the al fil can jump to the third square on the diagonal, white wins by 1. Rh. 8 Kxh. 8 2. Af. Kg. 8 3. Rh. 8 Kxh. Kg. 8 5. Nh. 6In early chess the moves of the pieces were 1p. Shh as King now. Firzn one square diagonally at a time contrast modern Q. Fl two squares diagonally no more or less, but could jump over a piece in between contrast modern B. This move meant that an individual fl could move to only eight squares on the board, and no fl could ever attack another fl. Horseman as Knight now. Rukh as Rook now. Pawn one square forwards not two, capturing one square diagonally forward promoted to firzn only. The game could be won by 1. Mating the king 2. By giving stalemate 3. By capturing all the opponents pieces. This kept down the number of draws. In Europe some of the pieces got new names MantriFirzanVizir Queen, perhaps because it starts beside the King. Fl Aufin Bishop, because its two points looked like a bishops mitre In French fou and others. Its Latin name alfinus was reinterpreted various ways. About 5. 00 years after chess first reached Europe, after some smaller experiments, there were big changes in the way the pieces moved. The effect was to make the start of the game run faster, and get the opposing pieces in contact sooner. The changes were Pawn moving two squares in its first move. This led to the en passant rule a pawn placed so that it could have captured the enemy pawn if it had moved one square forward was allowed to capture it on the passed square. King jumping once, to make it quicker to put the king safe in a corner. This eventually led to castling. The queen. This had been a piece called the firzn, from the Persian word for a counsellor. Its movement was more limited than the king, for it could move one square only on the diagonals. An early addition to her movement an initial move of two squares with jump, diagonally. This right was sometimes extended to a new queen made by promoting a pawn. The piece was then called the fers. Full ranging movement of the queen, along diagonals and ranks files, is the real mark of modern chess.